In a significant move, the Indian government plans to terminate the Free Movement Regime (FMR) along the India-Myanmar border. The FMR, initiated in 2018 as part of India’s Act East policy, permitted individuals residing near the border to travel 16 km into each other’s territory without a visa. However, concerns over misuse by insurgent groups, illegal immigration, and smuggling activities have prompted the decision.
The 1,643-km-long India-Myanmar border, spanning Mizoram, Manipur, Nagaland, and Arunachal Pradesh, currently operates under the FMR. The upcoming fencing project, set to be completed in four-and-a-half years, aims to replace the FMR with a visa requirement for all border crossings. The move intends to curb attacks on the Indian side by insurgent groups utilizing the FMR and to address challenges related to illegal immigration, drugs, and gold smuggling.
Manipur Chief Minister N Biren Singh advocated for ending the FMR in September 2023, emphasizing the misuse of the regime by insurgents. Only about 10 km of Manipur’s 390 km border with Myanmar has been fenced so far, contributing to concerns about illegal immigration. The government’s plan includes the implementation of an advanced smart fencing system for 300 km of the India-Myanmar border to enhance security.
The decision aligns with the state’s effort to counter insurgent activities and safeguard against the entry of illegal immigrants. Other bordering states like Mizoram, Arunachal Pradesh, and Nagaland will also be affected by the cessation of the FMR. The move underscores the government’s commitment to border security and addressing challenges arising from the porous border with Myanmar.
