President Joe Biden and China’s President Xi Jinping met at the Filoli Estate in Woodside, California, during the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperative (APEC) conference on Wednesday, marking a significant diplomatic encounter. The discussions, described by Biden as “constructive and productive,” touched upon crucial issues, yielding seven key takeaways.
1. Military Communication Resumes: The leaders agreed to re-establish direct military-to-military communications, mending the hiatus initiated by China following a visit to Taiwan by then House Speaker Nancy Pelosi in August 2022.
2. Taiwan Tensions:Despite a clear and measured discussion on Taiwan, a sensitive topic, divergences remained. Biden reaffirmed the “One China” policy, emphasizing the resolution’s peaceful nature. Xi cautioned against arming Taiwan, calling for support in China’s reunification.
3. Fentanyl Production Curbed:Both nations agreed to curb the production of fentanyl-related products, a significant development in addressing the opioid crisis in the United States. China pledged action against specific chemical companies involved.
4. Global Influence on Iran and Russia: Biden urged Xi to leverage China’s influence to ease global tensions, particularly in urging Iran to avoid escalating conflicts. The conversation also emphasized China withholding military support for Russia’s invasion of Ukraine.
5. Economic Concerns: Xi pressed Biden to lift sanctions and alter export control policies for sensitive equipment, citing these measures as stifling China’s technological progress. The economic challenges in China, including an aging population and growing debt, shaped this part of the discussion.
6. Labeling Xi as a Dictator:Biden reiterated his view that Xi Jinping is a dictator, emphasizing the differences in governance between the two nations. Xi responded by defending China’s Communist Party against negative perceptions in the United States.
7. Personal Note: In a lighter moment, Biden wished Xi’s wife, Peng Liyuan, a happy birthday, noting that both share a birthday on November 20. Xi, admitting he forgot about Peng’s birthday due to work commitments, added a personal touch to the diplomatic encounter.
The meeting, occurring exactly a year after their last encounter, reflects the complex dynamics between the U.S. and China, addressing critical issues while acknowledging personal connections.
