A recent study conducted by Oxford University and published in the scientific journal Joule has provided valuable insights into the effectiveness of heat pumps, especially in colder climates. The study has debunked the misinformation that has surrounded heat pumps, shedding light on their energy efficiency even in sub-zero temperatures.
Contrary to previous doubts about their efficiency in cold weather, the research indicates that heat pumps can be two to three times more efficient than fossil fuels, even when temperatures drop as low as -20°C. This revelation should put an end to the ongoing debate about whether heat pumps can truly be considered an energy-efficient solution in regions with harsh winters.
Heat pumps function by absorbing heat from the outside air to generate energy. The study challenges misleading information that has been circulating about their performance in colder climates. Dr. Jan Rosenow, one of the report’s co-authors, emphasized the need to dispel misconceptions: “There has been a campaign spreading false information about heat pumps, including casting doubt on whether they work in cold weather. People [in the UK] don’t know much about heat pumps, so it’s very easy to scare them by giving them wrong information.”
The study also brought attention to lobbying efforts by representatives of the gas boiler industry who have attempted to delay UK government measures aimed at promoting the use of heat pumps.
While the research acknowledges the necessity for additional analysis, it underscores that, despite reduced efficiency in extreme cold, air-source heat pumps can still offer significant energy system efficiency benefits compared to alternatives, both on an instantaneous and annual basis. Ground-source heat pumps were also noted as efficient since they do not require energy for defrosting.
This study adds crucial scientific backing to the adoption of heat pumps as a cleaner and more energy-efficient heating solution, particularly in regions with colder climates. It highlights their potential to contribute to reducing carbon emissions and improving energy system efficiency.
