In Bihar, the total population of cows across the country is 192.5 million, with Bihar holding 7.95% of the nation’s cattle. However, the state’s indigenous breeds, Purniya and Bachaur, are on the verge of extinction, while hybrid and imported breeds now prevail. Despite ranking fourth in cattle numbers nationwide, Bihar’s true native breeds are limited to Purniya and Bachaur.
Purniya cows are found in regions like Purnia, Araria, Katihar, Madhepura, Kishanganj, and Supaul, whereas Bachaur cows are primarily located in Darbhanga, Sitamarhi, and Madhubani districts. The conservation of these breeds is crucial, with approximately one to one and a half thousand remaining. The once abundant Ganga-Tiri breed, known for its medium size and high milk yield, is now absent in Bihar.
Gujarat, Punjab, and Rajasthan Cows Thrive in Bihar
Bihar witnesses an influx of cows from Gujarat, Punjab, and Rajasthan, with breeds like Sahiwal, Gir, Tharparkar, and Lal Sindhi gaining prominence. The state has also initiated government purchases of these breeds due to their high milk production, ranging from 900 to 1200 liters per lactation with a fat content of 4.1-5.2%.
Milk Production in Bihar Surpasses National Average
Bihar excels in milk production, surpassing the national average by producing milk at a rate of 7.3%, while the national average is 5.29%. The per capita availability of milk in Bihar is 400 grams, slightly lower than the national average of 444 grams, signaling Bihar’s potential to become a surplus milk state.
Director of Animal Husbandry Emphasizes Conservation
The Director of Animal Husbandry, Sanjay Kumar, highlights the urgent need for conservation and protection of native breeds, especially Purniya and Bachaur. Plans are underway to develop programs for their preservation and enhancement.
Bihar grapples with the challenge of preserving its indigenous cattle breeds amid the dominance of hybrids and imported varieties. Conservation efforts and proactive measures are crucial to ensuring the survival of Purniya and Bachaur breeds, integral to Bihar’s cultural and agricultural heritage.
